Ebb and Flow of Fashion and Religion

Artist: Unknown

Title: Marble statue of a woman, suspected to be Themis

Date: 2nd half of the 4th Century BC, Late Classical

Link: http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/works-of-art/03.12.17/

Comment: With the onset of concepts like epicureanism and individualism we see a “release” or freeing of form and fashion. This relaxed, garment reflects a similar mindset with regards to the Gods and the human form. The loosely draped fabric, which both clung to and exposed parts of the body, was a celebration of the human form. Since the Gods were made in man’s image and man was constructed from the Gods, fashion also served as a celebration of the Gods and conversely the human form. This moves away from the idea that only certain individuals were divinely chosen as a conduit for the Gods and more towards individual rights and abilities to worship a God directly rather than through a prophet.

Working Title/Artist: Themis Department: Greek & Roman Art Culture/Period/Location:  HB/TOA Date Code:  Working Date:  photography by mma, print scanned and retouched by film and media (jn) 4_15_03

Artist: Unknown

Title: Limestone statue of a veiled female votary, “Herculaneum Maiden” type statue

Date: 1st Century BC, Late Hellenistic or Republican

Link: http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/works-of-art/74.51.2456/

Comment: A return to the stoic, rigid, stylized, and idealized is evident in this statue as people progressively refocused their attention to the Gods rather than on man as the representation or image of the Gods. If previous displays of worship, fashion, art and lifestyle were considered exuberant, decadent and pretentious then moving towards the Middle Ages we see those expressions returning to modesty, stoicism and cynicism.

Working Title/Artist: Statue of a woman Department: Greek & Roman Art Culture/Period/Location:  HB/TOA Date Code:  Working Date: 1st century B.C. photography by mma 1997, transparency 5E  scanned and retouched by film and media (jnc) 2_10_09

Artist: Mariano Fortuny (Spanish, Granada 1871–1949 Venice)

Design House: Fortuny (Italian, founded 1906)

Title: “Delphos”

Date: 1925–49

Link: http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/works-of-art/2001.702a/

Comment: Mariano Fortuny was one of many fashion designers who gathered inspiration retrospectively. He gives tribute to Classical Greece with the creation of this chiton gown complete with vertical pleats, probably also inspired by the pleats which seem to exist in garments, or which are at least depicted in artistic renderings. This return to modesty may also coincide with heavy moral influences and heightened religiosity.

Working Title/Artist: Mariano Fortuny Chiamys, Brown and Grey Silk Department: Costume Institute Culture/Period/Location:  HB/TOA Date Code:  Working Date:  photography by mma 2003, transparency #1A scanned and retouched by film and media (jn) 4_8_03